汉书赵充国传文言文翻译(文言文翻译成现代汉语《汉书·赵充国传》翻译)

1.文言文翻译成现代汉语《汉书·赵充国传》翻译

赵充国（公元前137一前52年），字翁孙，西汉陇西上邽人。最初为骑兵，后来以六郡良家子的身份因为善骑射而进入御林军。汉武帝时（公元前99年）他随贰 师将军李广利击匈奴，被匈奴团团围困，汉兵几天无食，死伤增多。充国带领壮士百余人突围陷阵，李广利和大兵紧紧跟随，终于解围而出。

汉元康三年时，先零、罕开都是西羌种族，各有酋长，因彼此互相攻击而成仇家。后来匈奴联合其他羌族，互订盟约，解除仇恨。汉昭帝听说了这件事，

就 拿它来问赵充国。充国时年七十余，昭帝认为他很老了，赵充国回答说：“再没有比老臣更好的人选了。”昭帝说：“将军能否预测目前羌人的势力、打算带多少兵 马去？” 赵充国说：“百闻不如一见，打仗的事很难凭空设想。老臣想先到金城，再计划攻讨的方略。”赵充国到了金城，征调一万名士兵想渡河，又怕遭到羌人截击。

便 趁夜派三个营士兵先悄悄渡河，渡了河后，立刻扎营防备羌人来犯。到了天亮，军士们已依次全部安然渡河，羌人发觉后，派了数百骑兵，在汉军左右出没骚扰。赵 充国想羌骑一向骁勇善战，难以制服，再说这也可能是羌人诱敌之计，于是下令：“我军兵马刚渡河，已略有倦意，不必追击羌骑，攻击羌人要以消灭他们为目标， 区区近百羌骑，不必着意贪求。”

赵充国一面派骑兵去侦察四望和陿中这两个地方，发现其中并无羌人出没。于是趁夜引兵到洛都，召集各部将领 说：“我就知道羌人不善用兵，如果他们调派几千人防守四望和陿中，我军哪能向前推进呢？”于是向西推进到西部都尉府，日日飨宴军士，士卒都希望为他效力立 功，羌人好几次前来挑衅，赵充国都下令坚守。

昭帝下令赵充国进攻。赵充国上书请罪，剖陈利害，说：“臣听说《孙子兵法》上说过：‘善于作战 的人，能掌握敌人，却不会被敌人所掌握’。现在羌人入寇，我们便应该整饬兵马，训练战士，以逸待劳，才是致胜之道。依老臣之见，如果能先诛灭先零，即使不 讨伐罕开，罕开也自然会归顺；万一先零已被诛灭，而罕开仍然不服，那么，到正月时再进攻也不迟。”

昭帝接纳了赵充国的意见。赵充国于是率兵 进攻先零，先零因居安日久，已松懈防备，望见汉朝大军，纷纷丢下装备，想渡湟水逃命，由于道路狭隘，赵充国只紧蹑溃兵之后，徐徐驱赶。有人说：“追击先零 逃兵，这正是建功的大好机会。”赵充国说：“这些都是走投无路的穷寇，不可以过分逼迫他们。慢慢的追赶他们，他们便会没命的逃走；但是如果逼急的话，他们 或许会回过头来拼命的。”

羌酋靡忘于是自动前来归顺，赵充国赐他食物后，仍放他回去劝晓其他的族人。一时之间，有一万多名羌人请降，赵充国预料羌人会自行瓦解，所以遣回全部骑兵，并请准予留下一万名兵士在当地屯田，静待其变。

后来赵充国老病辞官在家，朝廷每讨论边防大事，也常常参与谋略，或者要向他问办法。甘露二年去世，年八十六，谥号壮侯。

2.汉书赵充国传 翻译

赵充国（公元前137一前52年），字翁孙，西汉上邦人，是一位能骑善射骁勇多谋的军事家，在当时屯田政策上做出了卓越贡献。

为人沉着勇敢，有远见深谋。少年时，就边学兵法，边研究军事。

公元前119年，随着武帝取得了第三次大举征讨匈奴的胜利，即移民七十万口，以加强北方边防。东起朔方，西至今居（今永登县）的地区内，设团官，供给移民牛犁谷种，变牧场为农业区。

赵充国就是这一年全家移民令居的。 公元前99年他随贰师将军李广利击匈奴，被匈奴团团围困，汉兵几天无食，死伤增多。

充国带领壮士百余人突围陷阵，李广利和大兵紧紧跟随，全身受伤二十多处，终于解围而出。广利将这次情况启奏皇帝，皇帝面见充国，亲自看了创伤，叹为勇士，拜中郎，迁车骑将军长史。

昭帝时，迁中郎将、水衡都尉。又和匈奴作战，生擒西祁王归来，升为护羌校尉、后将军。

公元前74年，因随大将军霍光定策迎立宣帝之功，封为营平侯。 武帝后期，聚居在现今青海省境内的羌族，经常向内地侵扰，攻城略地。

匈奴也想联合羌人共同侵扰汉朝。面对这种形势，武帝曾提出要斩断匈奴右臂，指的正是这种联合，但派去的士兵也为羌人所败。

这时，羌入又逐渐向湟水以北移动，找寻农民弃耕的地方去放牧。同时羌人各部落也有联合一致的趋向，郡县官吏也禁止不了。

这时匈奴又想勾结羌人，以扩大对汉西部的侵扰。汉朝派往浩窖（今青海省大通河东岸）的军队，被羌人打败，损失甚众。

神爵元年（公元前61年），赵充国年逾七十，仍督兵西陲，挫败羌人进犯。回来以后，三向朝廷上书，详细分析了形势，建议防事变于未然，提出了“以兵屯田”的主张，得到宣帝的赞赏。

宣帝因他年老，问他：“派谁去带兵最合适呢？”他回答得很痛快：“再没有比老臣更合适的人选了。”又问：“需要多少人马？”答“百闻不如一见。

臣愿立刻去金城（今兰州附近）测看地形，写出方案来。陛下把此事交给我办好了。”

他就领骑兵不满万人，迅速出师，巧渡黄河，立稳阵脚，作好战斗准备。到达湟水岸边，羌人多次挑战，他坚守不出，只以威信招降，解散羌人各部落联合的计划。

这时，他建议朝廷，屯田湟中（今青海省湟水两岸）作为持久之计，提出亦兵亦农，就地筹粮的办法，可以“因田致谷”，“居民得并作田，不失农业”；“将士坐得必胜之道”；“大费既省，徭役预息”等“十二便”。这对当时支援频繁的战争，减轻人民负担起到了很大的作用，一直影响到后世。

充国死后与霍光等人一同画肖像于未央宫，溢曰壮侯，葬于圭卜山之阳（今清水县城西北的李崖），现列为省级文物保护单位。 赵充国行军是以远出侦察为主，并随时作好战斗准备。

宿营时加强营垒防御，稳扎稳打，计划不周全不作战。爱护士卒，战则必胜。

老病辞官在家以后，朝廷每讨论边防大事，也常常参与谋略，或者要向他问办法。

3.翻译《汉书.赵充国传》

Zhao charge state, the word Weng Sun, on the state of Western Han people, is a brave and resourceful can ride and shooting strategist, at the time Mita policy made an outstanding contribution. Man calm courage, foresight deep plot. When a teenager, you learn the art of war, military edge research. 119 BC, with the Emperor made a massive crusade third victory of the Huns, that seven hundred thousand immigrants in order to strengthen the northern border. The east from the north, the west has been home (today Yongdeng County) area, located regiment officer, supply of seed immigration ox-plow, become pasture for agricultural areas. Zhao filling the country this year, the whole family is home to immigrants make. BC 99 years, General Li Guangli hit him with Er Shi Hun, Hun round was under siege, Han-bing a few days without food, an increase in casualties. Monty hundred people filled the country led breakout trap array, Li Guangli and soldiers follow closely, the body injured twenty spots, finally rescue out. Kwong Lee will be the case Qizou emperor, the emperor to meet with filling the country, personally saw trauma, sigh for the Warriors, thanks Zhonglang, moved cavalry general Eliot. Zhao Di, the move Zhonglang, water balance Commandery. Again and fight the Huns, captured the West Qi Wang returned promoted Huqiangjiaoyu, after generals. 74 BC, Emperor Xuan Gong Li with the result of the Great General Huo Guang Ying given policy, called Camp Ping Hou. Emperor late in today's Qinghai Province Qiang settlements, often intrusive to the mainland, to lose ground. Hun also like joint Qiang Han common infestation. Faced with this situation, the Emperor has proposed to cut the Hun right arm, that it is this combination, but also for the Qiang sent soldiers defeated. At this time, Qiang into HuangShui gradually moving to the north, farmers abandoned the place to go to find grazing. Meanwhile Qiang tribes have united trend, county officials are not prohibited. Then Hun collusion Qiang want to expand the intrusion of Western Han. Hao Han sent troops cellar was defeated Qiang, loss very public. Shenjue first year, Zhao filling the country over the age of seventy, still Dubing at western thwart Qiang invasion. Back, three to the court a letter, a detailed analysis of the situation, the proposed anti incident in the first place, proposed a "soldier Mita" proposition, get XuanDi appreciated. XuanDi because of his old age, asked him: "? Send to the troops who do the most appropriate," he answered very happy: "There is nothing more suitable candidate veteran." Asked: "? How many troops" answer "one hundred News as seen. minister is willing to immediately go Jincheng (today near Lanzhou) measured look at the terrain, write scheme. Majesty the matter to me to run. "He would lead the cavalry dissatisfied people, rapid apprenticeship, clever Yellow River , on a firm footing, ready for a battle. HuangShui reach the shore, Qiang several challenges, he adhered to not only by the prestige of surrender, the dissolution of the joint program Qiang tribes. At this time, he suggested that the court, Mita Huangzhong (now Qinghai Province HuangShui strait) as the persistence measure, also proposed peasant soldiers, locally raised grain that could "cause for Tian Valley", "residents have and make the field, yet agriculture ";" soldiers sit win of the Road ";" big fees both provinces, lord pre-interest "and" Twelve will. "This is the time to support the frequent wars, reduce the burden on the people played a significant role, has been affecting the future generations. Filling the country after the death of Huo Guang, who together with portraits in Weiyang, said Zhuang Yi Hou Bu Gui Shan Yang buried. Zhao filling the country is far out reconnaissance main march and stands ready for a battle. When camping camp to strengthen defense, steady, no comprehensive plan is not combat. Care for soldiers, war we must win. Resign after old and sick at home, the court discussed the border every event, and are often involved in strategy or approach to him to ask.。

4.赵充国缓行讨贼的翻译

出处：《汉书 · 传 · 赵充国辛庆忌传》原文：充国引兵至先零在所。

虏久屯聚，解弛，望见大军，弃车重，欲渡湟水，道厄狭，充国徐行驱之。或曰逐利行迟，充国曰：“此穷寇不可迫也。

缓之则走不顾，急之则还致死。”诸校皆曰：“善。”

虏赴水溺死者数百，降及斩首五百余人，卤马、牛羊十万余头，车四千余两。翻译：赵充国带兵到达先零羌所在的地方。

敌人驻兵已久，放松了警惕，见到大部队，就丢弃了车辆辎重，想渡过湟水，路狭窄，赵充国就慢慢行军追赶敌人。有人说追逐取胜宜快，如此行进太慢，赵充国就说：“这就是所谓的穷寇莫追。

缓慢追赶，他们就会逃跑而不回头，追急了他们就会回头决一死战。”各校尉都说：“好。”

敌人投水被淹死的有数百人，投降以及被斩首的有五百多人，俘获马牛羊十多万头，车子四千多辆。，谢谢。

5.赵充国缓行讨贼的翻译

出处：《汉书 · 传 · 赵充国辛庆忌传》

原文：充国引兵至先零在所。虏久屯聚，解弛，望见大军，弃车重，欲渡湟水，道厄狭，充国徐行驱之。或曰逐利行迟，充国曰：“此穷寇不可迫也。缓之则走不顾，急之则还致死。”诸校皆曰：“善。”虏赴水溺死者数百，降及斩首五百余人，卤马、牛羊十万余头，车四千余两。

翻译：赵充国带兵到达先零羌所在的地方。敌人驻兵已久，放松了警惕，见到大部队，就丢弃了车辆辎重，想渡过湟水，路狭窄，赵充国就慢慢行军追赶敌人。有人说追逐取胜宜快，如此行进太慢，赵充国就说：“这就是所谓的穷寇莫追。缓慢追赶，他们就会逃跑而不回头，追急了他们就会回头决一死战。”各校尉都说：“好。”敌人投水被淹死的有数百人，投降以及被斩首的有五百多人，俘获马牛羊十多万头，车子四千多辆。

谢谢！